A few days ago Google came back with its new Willow quantum chip with 105 cubites under the hood, but what is interesting is not so much their number but rather their stability, where other manufacturers are playing the Google quantity map favors quality we don’t realize it eh but this chip is a new step towards the development of a perfectly operational quantum computer the word is scary and frankly there is something in this video we will be interested in the question of quantum computing and I might as well tell you that it has the potential to screw up a lot of things including Bitcoin and cryptos. We’ll be brief but we have to understand that what are we talking about a classic computer it works with bits units of information which are either z’s or 1’s these z’s and these 1’s they have a physical reality and you have surely already heard of it it is the transistors basically in your computer has lots and lots of transistors, these are small electronic components that can either let electricity pass or block it, it’s a bit like a switch on or off 1 or zero, in short you have entered a quantum computer, it uses Cubits which exploit the particular laws of quantum mechanics, already it’s more 0 or 1 is more like 0 and 1 yeah a Cubit it is both on and off in a way it is due to the superposition phenomenon which you have surely already heard about Schrodinger’s cat all that as a bonus there is has phenomena of entanglement, that is to say of instantaneous influence, yes yes I say instantaneous there, not very quickly, eh instantaneous, I’ll make a small digression for the culture but we are talking about phenomena where particles are linked to each other with others and influence each other instantly and it doesn’t matter how far they are from each other, it’s like a kind of invisible link where the notions of time and space do not exist. Not in 2017 Chinese researchers managed to entangle particles at more 1000 km from each other when one of the particles emitted a signal the other particle reacted instantly not very very quickly no no indeed instantly well in short closed parenthesis we are not going to start getting used to it head from the beginning of the video but at least there you should have understood something a quantum computer goes very very quickly if we want to summarize where a classical computer executes its instructions one by one in a linear manner a quantum computer it could explore several possibilities at once making certain calculations infinitely faster and infinitely faster it can be said the Willow chip from Google it demonstrated a spectacular performance by carrying out in less than 5 minutes a calculation that would have taken 10 septillion years for a super computer classic it’s 10 with 25 0 behind it, that is to say far too many zé for it to mean anything to our poor little brain which already has difficulty when we talk about billions and there we begin to touch the heart of the problem this story that does not smell very good for Bitcoin and Prim’s cryptos, we will concentrate on on Bitcoin obviously because it is the most solid and also because you can imagine that if the invention of this hinak moto ends up falling, well we shouldn’t give too much of the rest of the ecosystem we will return a little to the fundamentals to do well understand all this Bitcoin works with a pair of cryptographic keys a public key and a private key so far we are good well I am really going to popularize it so that all this remains understandable we can see it a bit like a mailbox the box is is the public key that allows you to receive bitcoins and the mailbox key is the private key that allows you to open the box and have access to its contents and you are the only one no one has it in theory so let’s be clear on one thing now if a person has your private key or manages to find it in any way then your bitcoins are no longer your Bitcoins they are also his and the person can use them as she wants now there are several ways to find a private key the first and the one that happens all the time is human error Basically you have your key which is written on a piece of paper and you make the piece of paper fly now a private key is just a series of numbers and letters so could we try to guess it by chance then there are some who have tried eh but they quickly abandoned the technique it is noise of force in clear it is to try all the possible combinations and pray to have luck finally luck is better to pray for a miracle at this stage to illustrate tell yourself that it is like winning the lottery nearly ten times in a row just to have a chance of finding a key with Bitcoin on it, as much to tell you that these chances are infinitesimal and that It becomes even more ridiculous when you try to guess a specific key like Satoshi Nakamuto’s keys at random, so guessing a key from zero is indeed highly improbable, but someone who wants to guess a private key still has some information to put in. in his grinder and this information is the public key the two keys work together and we could try to find the key private to from the public key not true well in theory yes with what we call the Shore algorithm well do n’t leave the video right away you will see it is quite easy to understand developed by short to the end of the 90s this algorithm could allow to find a private key from a public key in fact Bitcoin uses a cryptographic system called ecdsa for elliptic curve digital signature algorithm well it’s a bit of a boring name to designate maths which guarantee the security of Bitcoin transactions and wallets it is practically impossible to break this algorithm with a classical computer at least it is really highly improbable and it would take millions of years and a pharaonic amount of energy on the other hand if a sufficiently powerful quantum computer capable of running Shore’s algorithm with several million stable cubites were to exist it could break its protections in the idea it could calculate a private key from a public key in a relatively short time thus endangering the security of Bitcoin but not only Bitcoin in fact but a very large number of systems based on cryptography I can’t tell you what a mess it would be if that were to happen that’s why we say that the quantum computer could sound the death knell for Satoshi Nakaboto’s invention but hey you can guess as always Bitcoin could well surprise us, we must first see something essential, which is that quantum computing and the Shore algorithm do not threaten Bitcoin, many systems will fall well before our favorite crypto, yes, because we must tell ourselves that the entirety computer security is based on the same algorithms as Bitcoin with the difference that the latter is anti-fragile, that is to say that it strengthens itself as attacks occur. It must be said that Bitcoin is the system of The most resistant information in the world today so really the quantum computer will have caused a lot of havoc before even blowing it up the arrival of this kind of technology it could literally be a real digital cataclysm fa password Facebook Twitter or other social networks don’t even bother thinking about it imagine the mess in the banks’ databases and even in military installations in hospitals everywhere in fact all the rules regarding data encryption would become obsolete and we would have to review absolutely everything from scratch ok we get it that would really be the source for Bitcoin but war is perhaps not still lost already we are far very far from having a functional quantum computer capable of doing this kind of thing I told you Google’s Willow is 105 cubites to break our modern encryption algorithm some believe that it would be necessary a power of nearly 4 million qubits and in addition that these qubits are stable as much to tell you that we are not there yet ah and in case you were wondering no it is not enough to align 40000 plus Willow to have a quantum ord of 4 million cubites fortunately it does not work like that and we are probably several decades away from being able to deploy this computing power Google say it themselves for the moment their new chip is not a priori a threat to the cryptography today quantum computing it works on paper but in reality having qubits that are stable over time is a pain, it’s super complicated to work with quantum phenomena because by nature they are ultra unstable and produce errors and quantum computing, well, it’s still computing and the errors, well, that can quickly screw everything up, especially given the number of operations carried out by a quantum computer, even a very small percentage of irregularity, well, that makes a huge amount of errors, making any truly precise calculation impossible. There is already this problem to resolve and even if we were to get there it would not be tomorrow then a crucial point that we forget too often is energy yes because there we have only spoken of one attack vector is the fact of guessing a private key but in reality we could also attack Bitcoin at 51% with a quantum computer the computer grinds and grinds to have a Haage power greater than 50% of the power of the network and bam we can make the double expenditure the amount of energy to maintain such an attack it is pharaonic and that’s why we’re not going to dwell on it too much. You really have to be motivated and above all, it has to be profitable and believe me, it ‘s not. Then there are more intrinsic characteristics of the invention of Satoshi Nakamoto that can protect us from the arrival of a quantum computer we can change the code of Bitcoin we can change its algorithms we can improve it obviously it would take time due to its decentralized nature but if a quantum singularity were to shake up the world of computing, well we could design quantum proof algorithms and apply them to Bitcoin and some cryptos already do it and there are even some for whom it is their main marketing argument, moreover post-quantum resistance it is a real field of research and we are making major advances in this field too yes yes humans really like to design shields against the swords that they have forged themselves nothing new under the sun you will tell me at the- beyond that and this is the main argument in my opinion and the one that will make Bitcoin survive will live well is that there is no point in attacking it if a person were to be able to abuse Bitcoin with enough computing power, regardless of whether it comes from a quantum computer or other things, well the price will be ‘would simply collapse, it seems obvious when you say it like that, but what’s the point of attacking an asset that is worth zero the second you attack it successfully? You can find all the arguments in the world to justify it, but it’s a fact. no one who can bring down Bitcoin will become the king of a worthless empire it is trust that makes a Bitcoin valuable without this trust and if the protocol fails then it is worthless in this sense what interest for a attacker to spend huge amounts of money on equipment, energy, transportation, time, etc. for nothing but not much and that’s maybe why Bitcoin has already won in the end, quantum computer or not, it’s just not worth it either because Bitcoin is worth zero without trust or because we could rollback the blockchain to add quantum-resistant algorithms in both anyway case it’s a dead end no to tell the truth if one day a power comes to have a quantum computer it has tons of reasons to use it other than trying to attack our favorite orange piece we are starting to have done the round the question quantum computing it will change a lot of things in the world of computing it will be a monstrous tipping point we do not yet know what will happen to Bitcoin and cryptos but a priori an irrational fear n ‘it won’t change anything instead tell yourself that people infinitely more gifted than you and me are already working on these questions and on how we are going to resolve them, the NIST in particular, which is an American agency specializing in technological standards, well it is working hard on the question is that in 2024 alone they have released three encryption tools resistant to quantum technologies, so it’s moving forward and a priori we should be prepared for the arrival of this type of machine, moreover Satoshi himself has already thought about this eventuality for him if the cryptographic systems currently used by Bitcoin were to fall well it wouldn’t be that serious in theory we could do a sort of screenshot of the blockchain before the problems and migrate the consensus to a blockchain with other more resistant encryptions it would be a bit of a sport no doubt eh but far from ‘be impossible good at the time of the release of this video the end of year holidays are fast approaching Bitcoin is more or less at 100,000 dollars and it is a bit inevitable the invention of Satoshi capo risks being at heart of some debates the question of the quantum computer could well creep into the discussion if it happens now you know what to answer then no a very powerful quantum computer does not directly threaten Bitcoin and if there is indeed a system which could resist it well that’s the question it’s taken very seriously and you know what they say when you anticipate something well it happens very rarely one day a very powerful quantum computer could well coexist with Bitcoin and cryptos and It wouldn’t necessarily be a catastrophe, but it’s not impossible that the transition could be a tumultuous hair if a company like Google comes back tomorrow with an operational quantum computer it risks shaking and not just a little but from there to making the funeral eulogy of our dear cryptoomonnaaies well a priori no after the advantage is that if it happens and you are on our tellegram news channel, well you will know before everyone else, we analyze the news live and we send you all that almost instantly, it is a lot of monitoring work and it can really save you precious time so join us it’s totally free obviously and you will find the link in the description of this video do not hesitate to tell me in the comments what you think of all this and how you imagine that Bitcoin will react if a functional quantum computer were to show its nose. Also, don’t hesitate to give me ideas for future video topics. If you have a topic that you want me to explore in particular, tell me. I’m here for that in the meantime have a great holiday season and we’ll see you soon in the next one video bye .
